BREEZER (BREEZER ARBOK / Arbok-Air), with the higher-power variant BREEZER-TURBO

Overview

Conventional air conditioning relies on a 120-year-old vapor-compression cycle driven by synthetic HFC refrigerants with high global-warming potential, now being phased out under EU Regulation 2024/573. BREEZER is a new class of air-cooling device built on Arbok-Air technology: a thermodynamic evaporative cooling system operating under partial vacuum, using ordinary water (or, in special configurations, safe alcohols) as the working fluid in a closed loop, with no compressor and no synthetic refrigerant. Water circulates without loss and without consumables; the system preserves natural humidity, operates near-silently, and does not degrade at high ambient temperature or humidity. BREEZER-TURBO is a higher-power variant for super-fast freezing, using a specially designed pneumatic cylinder and a proprietary monoatomic alcohol coolant.

ARBOK is a strategic-innovation institute, not a manufacturer, and no product is in series production.

Applications

Household devices for homes. Automotive units, with electric vehicles a priority given their thermal-management sensitivity; operation from portable sources or a solar panel where no grid electricity is available. Coolers for freezer chambers and retail equipment. Larger systems for high-volume spaces: supermarkets, malls, transport terminals, airports, industrial facilities — replacing central AC units or ventilation-with-heating. Refrigerated transport, especially marine reefers, gaining compact freon-free cooling that removes the risk of import bans at European and other ports with strict environmental requirements.

BREEZER-TURBO applications named in the source:

• Data centres for AI and cloud computing — cooling servers to cryogenic temperatures in seconds, reducing energy costs by 50–70% compared with liquid cooling.
• Emergency response to chemical leaks, fires and biological threats — freezing an airplane in 30 hours or localising a leak by turning hazardous substances into ice; frozen hazardous material is simpler and safer to dispose of.
• Aviation in hot regions (southern US states, Africa, Persian Gulf, Middle East, southern Europe) — cooling cabins or engines in minutes where aircraft idle at +50 °C ambient.
• Medicine and cryoconservation — organs, vaccines, laboratories; cheaper than cryogenic chambers and mobile for field conditions.
• Food industry — quick freezing without nutrient loss.
• Space and military equipment — satellites, radars, electronics in extreme conditions.
• Chemical, petrochemical and nuclear industry — local reactor cooling, emergency shutdown cooling, accident prevention.

Operating Principle

Intake air passes through a heat exchanger and enters a chamber held below atmospheric pressure. In the reduced-pressure environment the working fluid evaporates at room temperature, absorbing latent heat from the incoming air. The vapor is then condensed and returned within a closed loop, so no working fluid is released to the atmosphere and no consumables are required. There is no compressor, no synthetic refrigerant and no vapor-compression cycle. The TURBO article adds that water is pre-cooled by a vortex tube in which a tangential nozzle separates the flow into cold and hot streams before evaporation in the vacuum chamber.

Two consequences of operating below atmospheric pressure are central. First, the effective boiling point is lowered, so rising ambient humidity does not suppress cooling performance as it does in evaporative coolers operating at atmospheric pressure. Second, the process does not drive the treated air below its dew point; output humidity remains close to ambient rather than being stripped, and no standing condensate reservoir forms in the occupied space. Because the working fluid is water in a closed loop, the device has zero ozone-depletion potential and zero GWP.

Heating mode: the process is reversed, taking cool indoor air and returning it warm. The device is primarily designed for cooling, so at comparable energy cost it heats with lower output. ARBOK specialists are developing a Breezer variant with higher heat-flow efficiency in cold weather at the expense of reduced cooling airflow in summer, suited to moderate climates; Breezers will therefore be produced in at least two types — for hot and for moderate climates.

BREEZER-TURBO principle: a specially designed pneumatic cylinder uses about 1 gram of coolant per cycle, in the form of a monoatomic alcohol of ARBOK's own production. The vacuum created by the piston evaporates the alcohol, taking heat from it; vapors condense and the cycle repeats without losses. The coolant is not a consumable — like freon it is reused through phase changes.

Stated limitations carried over from the sources:

• The reported figures combine measured proof-of-concept results with design targets.
• The reverse heating mode is unvalidated on the current prototype, whose task was cooling.
• Long-term reliability of the water loop, seal integrity under extended cycling, and independent certification remain to be established.
• The prototype was constrained to no more than 40 × 40 × 60 cm and was not built to production dimensional or durability requirements.
• The preprint states an ambient operating range of +10 to +56 °C, with operation above +56 °C considered potentially achievable on special order.

Key Parameters

Measured proof-of-concept (preprint):

| Parameter | Value |

|---|---|

| Measured COP | No less than 7 |

| Cold-side temperature | +3 to +5 °C |

| Temperature drop (Δt) | 20 to 25 °C (laboratory maximum of the prototype) |

| Electrical draw | 100 to 300 W class |

| Supply | 220 V / 50 Hz |

| Prototype envelope | No more than 40 × 40 × 60 cm |

| Ambient operating range | +10 to +56 °C; above +56 °C potentially achievable on special order |

| Additional cooling stages below 0 °C | Available option |

| Domestic operation design point | Cools intake air by 7 to 15 °C below outdoor temperature, reaching setpoint within 10 to 15 minutes of switch-on |

| Solar supply | A single 400 W balcony photovoltaic panel is sufficient to supply one unit |

Target / claimed parameters (preprint targets and articles):

| Parameter | Value |

|---|---|

| Target COP | 10 to 15 (vs 3 to 5 for typical vapor-compression systems) |

| Electricity consumption | 0.1 to 0.3 kWh per 100 m³ per cooling cycle, vs 1 to 3 kWh for conventional systems — 7 to 10 times lower |

| Reverse (heating) mode target | Warming intake air by 10 to 20 °C above outdoor temperature, with comparable energy advantages |

| Vacuum level (TURBO article) | Sub-atmospheric pressure, deep enough that water boils at ambient temperature |

| Capital cost | 2 times lower than freon systems |

| Operating cost | 3 times lower; water in a closed cycle, not consumed |

| Size | 30–50% smaller (comparison tables and TURBO article); stated elsewhere as 1.5–2 times smaller |

| Service life | Up to 15 years without major maintenance |

| CO₂ emissions | Reduced by 70–90% or none |

| Noise | None (no fan) |

| Cost of a compact unit | From $200–500 |

| Humidity | Natural level maintained, no drying |

| Air exchange | Multiple, with dust and allergen filtration, no dehumidification; ventilation simultaneous with cooling |

| Disinfection | Not needed |

| Outdoor unit | Small, integrates into facade, EU-compliant |

BREEZER-TURBO:

| Parameter | Value |

|---|---|

| Coolant | A proprietary monoatomic alcohol of ARBOK's own production, used in a small charge per cycle, non-consumable |

| Achieved temperature | -97.6 °C |

| Cooling of 100 litres of air | To -96.3 °C in 12 seconds |

| Cooling of 1,000 litres of air | 1.8 minutes |

| Power draw | About 50 W (or even less) |

| Capital cost | 80 euros for a basic unit on grid electricity — 2 times cheaper than the freon predecessor |

| Consumables | None except air; coolant circulates inside the system |

| Freon reference point | Maximum -26.3 °C at 1–2 kW consumption |

| Ethanol reference point | To 70 °C — unverified, flagged for verification in the source |

> COP of 7 is the measured value on the laboratory prototype. The 10–15 range appearing in the articles as achieved is a target for production units; external documents state 7.

> Discrepancy in source: high-temperature capability is stated as "the same efficiency at room temperature as at +90 °C" in both articles, while the preprint gives an ambient operating range of +10 to +56 °C with higher operation only "potentially achievable on special order". Both figures are reproduced.

> Discrepancy in source: size reduction is stated as "1.5–2 times smaller" in the article text and as "30–50% smaller" in the comparison tables and the TURBO article. Both figures are reproduced.

> Discrepancy in source: BREEZER-TURBO performance is given in the document title as "-100 °C in 15 seconds", while the body states -96.3 °C in 12 seconds for 100 litres and -97.6 °C as the temperature reached by the coolant. All three figures are reproduced.

> Discrepancy in source: unit cost — one set of comparison tables gives "same as air conditioners, from $200–500 for a compact model", while another comparison table gives $200–500 for freon air conditioners against $200–300 for compact BREEZER models. Both figures are reproduced.

> Discrepancy in source: the HVAC market in 2025 is given as "exceeds 241 billion dollars" and, later in the same article, as "reaches 259 billion dollars". Both figures are reproduced.

Architecture and Components

Heat exchanger for intake air. Vacuum chamber held below atmospheric pressure. Vortex tube with tangential nozzle for pre-cooling the water (separates the flow into cold and hot streams). Condenser returning vapor to the closed water loop. Built-in air purification removing dust and allergens. Small outdoor element for warm-air exhaust, integrable into a facade. No compressor, no freon circuit, no consumables. Working fluid: ordinary water; safe alcohols in special configurations.

BREEZER-TURBO: specially designed pneumatic cylinder with piston-generated vacuum; monoatomic alcohol coolant of ARBOK's own production circulating inside the system.

Advantages

• Energy consumption 7 to 10 times lower than freon systems, independent of target temperature and stable in any conditions, moving room-scale cooling into the power class of household electronics.
• CAPEX 2 times lower due to the simple design without compressors or freon circuits; OPEX 3 times lower with minimal maintenance and no water consumption.
• Regulatory position: water in a closed loop with zero GWP means EU Regulation 2024/573, the 2032 monoblock and 2035 split bans, and the servicing restrictions do not apply to the device. Regulation becomes a tailwind rather than a barrier.
• Air hygiene: preserving natural humidity, providing multiple air exchange with dust and allergen filtration, and avoiding a standing condensate reservoir reduces the Legionella pathway (legionellosis case-fatality up to 10%).
• Deployment and form factor: the absence of a compressor yields near-silent operation and a smaller outdoor element, addressing the noise and facade objections behind installation refusals; Croatia has imposed fines of up to €10,000 for facade-mounted units since 2025, and the UK and France deny permits on aesthetic grounds.
• Robustness in extreme heat: vapor-compression efficiency falls off above +38 °C and units enter protective shutdown near +49 °C, whereas the evaporative-vacuum process is designed to remain operable in this regime.
• Solar compatibility: a single 400 W balcony panel supplies one unit, versus roughly three 400 W panels plus wiring, battery storage and inverters for a conventional 1–1.2 kWh air conditioner. Relevant in rental contexts where tenants may install plug-in balcony photovoltaics without structural modification.
• CO₂ emissions reduced by 70–90% or eliminated; no refrigerant leaks.
• Ventilation performed simultaneously with cooling in a single device.
• Distinct from adjacent technologies: atmospheric direct-evaporative ("swamp") coolers add moisture and lose effectiveness in humid conditions; desiccant and absorption systems require a thermal regeneration source and consumable or hygroscopic media. The present approach uses only water in a closed loop, without added humidity, regeneration heat or consumables.
• BREEZER-TURBO: cheaper and faster than liquid-nitrogen cryogenic systems, without explosion risk; more efficient, energy-independent and mobile than Chinese underwater data centres, freon-free, independent of water, with a low entry threshold and quick payback without million-dollar investments.

Integrations

Integration with solar panels is simple — one 400 W panel suffices per unit — versus complex, high-power integration for freon systems. BREEZER-TURBO is stated to combine with ARBOK's own electricity generation systems that use no known fuel other than water. The institute is open to collaboration with grant funds, investors, and specialized partners: HVAC manufacturers, automotive OEMs, and commercial-cooling operators. Potential data-centre counterparties are major cloud and hyperscale operators, alongside EU green-transition programs. Potential aviation counterparties include major international airlines operating in hot-climate regions, as well as military operators. International health-sector grant programs are a named potential channel for the medical/cryoconservation direction. Integration protocols with third-party systems remain to be formally specified as the technology moves out of proof-of-concept.

Deployment & Operation

Domestic units reach setpoint within 10 to 15 minutes of switch-on. The outdoor element for warm-air exhaust is small and integrates into a facade, bypassing EU restrictions. No consumables, no refrigerant refills, no compressor repairs; the water loop does not consume water. Service life up to 15 years without major maintenance. Units are to be produced in at least two types — for hot climates and for moderate climates. Operation is possible from batteries, portable sources or renewables, which is relevant in regions with unstable grids. BREEZER-TURBO is described as portable and mobile, suitable for field conditions.

TRL

On a conventional technology-readiness scale the preprint places the technology at an early stage — concept validated in the laboratory (proof-of-concept validated, research-and-development stage). No product is in series production. Remaining work: selection of still more efficient working fluids beyond water, filing of patent and design documentation for experimental units of varying capacity, prototype field trials, and certification to EU standards, followed by preparation for industrial implementation.

> Discrepancy in source: the articles state that the solution was "not only found but built and tested" and cite a 15-year service life and unit pricing, while the preprint states that ARBOK is not a manufacturer, that no product is in series production, and that the stage is a laboratory proof-of-concept. Both positions are reproduced.

Market Potential

• Global air conditioner market: valued at 72 billion dollars in 2025, projected to reach 276 billion by 2032, annual growth rate 6%.
• Broader HVAC market: exceeds 241 billion dollars, could grow to 505 billion by 2035; also stated as reaching 259 billion dollars in 2025, with a focus on sustainability.
• China produces 569 million units annually and is the main energy consumer in this sector.
• Household energy consumption for air conditioners accounts for about 50% of all electricity generation; globally by 2030 cooling homes alone will require an additional 697 terawatt-hours.
• Data centres consume up to 3% of global electricity; by the end of 2025 this could reach 540 terawatt-hours per year. AI computations double the load annually.
• Data centre cooling market: 11 billion dollars in 2025, growing to 24 billion by 2030.
• Investments in sustainable data centres exceed $100 billion in 2025.
• Cooling systems account for 10–20% of building energy costs, over 30–40% in hot regions.
• Traditional cooling systems are responsible for more than 10% of global CO₂ emissions — three times more than aviation and shipping combined. One kilogram of R410a equals two tons of carbon dioxide.
• Air-conditioning penetration in Europe is around 20% of homes (Germany near 18%, France near 25%), versus roughly 90% in the United States.

Heat-impact context cited in the sources: about 4 billion people, or 49% of the global population, experienced at least 30 additional days of extreme heat over the past year; over 255 million Americans were hit by heat in June 2025; extreme heat kills 489,000 people annually — more than floods, hurricanes and earthquakes combined; New York records about 525 heat deaths per warm season (3% of all summer deaths); a European heatwave across 12 cities caused 2,300 deaths in ten days, 1,500 attributed to climate factors; more than 1,300 excess deaths were attributed to heat across Europe during the heatwave that began on 21 June 2026, with France recording its hottest day since measurements began in 1947.

Typical Project Economics

• Air conditioner electricity bills of $200–500 per month or more for the user; an actively used split system adds €300 to €700 to a household's summer electricity bill.
• Compact BREEZER unit cost from $200–500 (see discrepancy note in section 5).
• BREEZER-TURBO basic unit: 80 euros on grid electricity, 2 times cheaper than the freon predecessor.
• Reference costs of incumbent systems: capital expenditure of 1–2 million dollars for cooling a large data centre, not counting infrastructure; from 50,000 dollars for air conditioning of commercial buildings; freon systems consume up to 1–2 kW per hour, producing operating costs in the tens and hundreds of thousands of dollars annually for large facilities; in heat, systems increase electricity bills by 30% or more.
• Chinese underwater data centre reference: investments of 223 million dollars, up to 30% energy savings, location-dependent with huge CAPEX.
• Data centre application: 50–70% reduction in energy costs versus liquid cooling.

Risk Factors

• Reported figures combine measured proof-of-concept results with design targets; the two must not be conflated.
• Reverse heating mode is unvalidated on the current prototype.
• Long-term reliability of the water loop, seal integrity under extended cycling, and independent certification remain to be established.
• The prototype was not built to production dimensional or durability requirements.
• Heating output is lower than cooling output at comparable energy cost; the moderate-climate variant trades summer cooling airflow for winter heat flow.
• Ambient operating range of the validated prototype is +10 to +56 °C; performance above that is not demonstrated.
• No product in series production; remaining programme includes patenting, field trials and EU certification.
• Contradictions between the articles and the preprint on COP, maximum ambient temperature, size and readiness status (see discrepancy notes in sections 5 and 10).
• Source-flagged unverified item: the ethanol reference figure "to 70 °C" is flagged for verification in the TURBO article and has not been confirmed.

Related Technologies

Arbok-Air (the underlying technology platform of BREEZER). BREEZER-TURBO (higher-power freezing variant). SkyManager (a related weather-regulation solution from the same technology family). ARBOK electricity generation systems using no fuel other than water (named in the TURBO article as a complement to BREEZER-TURBO).